Tonic Immobility in PTSD: Exacerbation of Emotional Cardiac Defense Response

Frontiers in Psychology

article

Carlos Eduardo Norte¹  Ivan Figueira²  Gabriela Guerra Leal de Souza³  Eliane Volchan⁴  Jaime Vila⁵  Jose Luis Mata⁵  Javier R. Arbol⁵  Mauro Mendlowicz⁶  William Berger²  Mariana Pires Luz²  Vanessa Rocha-Rego⁴ 

[1] Institute of Psychology, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro;Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro;Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto;Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro;Department of Clinical Psychology, Universidad de Granada;Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Universidade Federal Fluminense

关键词: tonic immobility;    cardiac defense response;    post-traumatic stress disorder;    PTSD;    humans;    heart rate;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01213

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Among defensive behaviors, tonic immobility (TI) is considered the last defensive resort when life is at extreme risk. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the main psychiatric consequence resulting from exposure to traumatic events. Increasing evidence indicate an association between peritraumatic tonic immobilility and severity of PTSD. Cardiac defense response, a reactivity to perceived danger or threat, has been studied by recording heart rate changes that follows the presentation of an unpredictable intense auditory aversive stimulus. The aim of this study was to investigate potential distinctiveness in cardiac defense response among PTSD patients who presented – compared to those that did not – TI reaction in the laboratory setting. Patients ( N = 17) completed the TI questionnaire for signs of immobility elicited by passive listening to their autobiographical trauma script. After a while, they were exposed to an intense white noise, while electrocardiogram was recorded. The heart rate during the 80 s after the noise, subtracted from baseline, was analyzed. Higher reports of TI to the trauma script were associated with stronger and sustained heart rate accelerations after the noise. The effects on cardiac defense response add to increasing evidence that some PTSD patients are prone to repeated re-experiences of TI, which may implicate in a potentially distinct pathophysiology and even a new PTSD subtype.

【 授权许可】

CC BY