Prevalence, Awareness, and Associated Factors of Airflow Obstruction in Russia: The Ural Eye and Medical Study

Frontiers in Public Health

article

Mukharram M. Bikbov¹  Dilya F. Yakupova¹  Renat I. Khikmatullin¹  Said K. Aminev¹  Ildar F. Nuriev¹  Artur F. Zaynetdinov¹  Yulia V. Uzianbaeva¹  Jost B. Jonas²  Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva¹  Rinat M. Zainullin¹  Venera F. Salavatova¹  Inga I. Arslangareeva¹  Songhomitra Panda-Jonas²  Timur R. Gilmanshin¹  Nikolai A. Nikitin¹  Svetlana R. Mukhamadieva¹ 

[1] Ufa Eye Research Institute;Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg

关键词: airflow obstruction;    chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;    asthma;    forced expiratory volume;    household air pollution;    occupational particulates;    population-based study;    ural eye and medical study;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2019.00350

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Background: Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma belong to the most important causes of disability and death in all world regions, data about the prevalence of airflow obstruction and asthma in Russia and the associated parameters have been scarce so far. We therefore assessed the prevalence of airflow obstruction and asthma in a Russian population. Methods: The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study, conducted in a rural and urban region of Bashkortostan/Russia, included 5,392 participants (mean age: 58.6 ± 10.6 years; range: 40–94 years) out of 7,328 eligible individuals. Airflow obstruction was defined spirometrically and asthma by self-reported diagnosis. Results: Airflow obstruction was present in 369 individuals (6.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.2, 7.5) with an awareness rate of 63.4% (95%CI: 58.5, 68.4) and known duration of 19.5 ± 15.8 years (median: 16 years). Prevalence of undiagnosed airflow obstruction was 2.6% (95%CI: 2.2, 3.1). Higher prevalence of airflow obstruction was associated (multivariable analysis) with higher prevalence of current smoking [ P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR): 2.91; 95%CI: 1.76, 4.83] and number of cigarette package years ( P < 0.001; OR: 1.03; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.08), female gender ( P = 0.03; OR: 1.42; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.93), urban region ( P = 0.003; OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.79), higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases/stroke ( P < 0.001; OR: 1.86; 95%CI: 1.45, 2.39), higher depression score ( P = 0.002; OR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.08), and lower physical activity ( P = 0.01; OR: 0.71; 95%CI: 0.54, 0.93). Asthma prevalence (2.6%; 95%CI: 2.0, 3.1; known duration: 17.2 ± 15.0 years) was associated with less alcohol consumption (OR: 0.53; 95%CI: 0.33, 0.87; P = 0.01), higher depression score (OR: 1.08; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.12; P < 0.001), and urban region (OR: 0.68; 95CI: 0.49, 0.95; P = 0.0.03). Conclusions: In this Russian population aged 40+ years, the prevalence of airflow obstruction was 6.8% with an awareness rate of 63.4% and smoking as main risk factor. Asthma prevalence was 2.6%.

【 授权许可】

CC BY