Anthropometric and Biochemical Predictors for Hypertension in a Cross-Sectional Study in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Frontiers in Public Health

article

Lara Kim Brackmann¹  Christoph Buck²  Maria Adam Nyangasa¹  Soerge Kelm³  Mohammed Sheikh⁴  Antje Hebestreit¹ 

[1] Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research;Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Department of Biometry and Data Mangement;Center for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty for Biology and Chemistry, University Bremen;Environmental Analytical Chemistry and Eco-toxicology Lab, State University of Zanzibar

关键词: blood pressure;    body fat;    body mass index;    hypertension;    salt;    sub-Sahara Africa;    waist circumference;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2019.00338

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Background: Aim of this study was to describe the proportion of hypertension among Zanzibari of different age-groups and to detect possible correlates of this non-communicable disease. Methods: In 2013 a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Unguja Island, Zanzibar. A total of 235 randomly selected households, including 1,229 (2 to 95 years) eligible study participants, were examined. Association between objectively assessed obesity markers, salt intake and hypertension were investigated. Estimates of 24 h sodium and potassium excretion from a single morning spot urine specimen were calculated and used as surrogate for salt intake. The association between overweight/obesity and hypertension in different age-groups was assessed in multilevel logistic regression models. Further associations between salt intake and hypertension were analyzed. Results: Measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as proportion of overweight/obesity and hypertension both increased with age. Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension in adults. Moreover, thinness seems to be associated with hypertension as well. We observed a significantly reduced chance of hypertension for higher urinary sodium-to-potassium compared to a lower ratio in children. Conclusion: Overweight/obesity and hypertension were highly prevalent (>47% of adults >40 years are overweight or obese and >69% are hypertensive in the same age group) in our sample. Weight status was confirmed as a correlate of high blood pressure in our sample from Zanzibar, Tanzania. To early and effectively prevent related severe cardiovascular outcomes, screening strategies but also monitoring strategies are required for this population.

【 授权许可】

CC BY