The impact of fluid status and decremental PEEP strategy on cardiac function and lung and kidney damage in mild-moderate experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome

Respiratory Research

Vera L. Capelozzi¹  Paolo Pelosi²  John J. Marini³  Mariana A. Antunes⁴  Milena V. Oliveira⁴  Pedro L. Silva⁴  Patrine S. Santos⁴  Matheus R. Hemerly⁴  Fernanda F. Cruz⁴  Nazareth N. Rocha⁵  Cynthia S. Samary⁶  Patricia R. M. Rocco⁷ 

[1] Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy;Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Regions Hospital, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA;Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Niteroi, Brazil;Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;

关键词: Mechanical ventilation;    PEEP;    Inflammation;    Fluids;    Kidney;    Heart;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12931-021-01811-y

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundWe evaluated the effects of abrupt versus gradual PEEP decrease, combined with standard versus high-volume fluid administration, on cardiac function, as well as lung and kidney damage in an established model of mild-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).MethodsWistar rats received endotoxin intratracheally. After 24 h, they were treated with Ringer’s lactate at standard (10 mL/kg/h) or high (30 mL/kg/h) dose. For 30 min, all animals were mechanically ventilated with tidal volume = 6 mL/kg and PEEP = 9 cmH2O (to keep alveoli open), then randomized to undergo abrupt or gradual (0.2 cmH2O/min for 30 min) PEEP decrease from 9 to 3 cmH2O. Animals were then further ventilated for 10 min at PEEP = 3 cmH2O, euthanized, and their lungs and kidneys removed for molecular biology analysis.ResultsAt the end of the experiment, left and right ventricular end-diastolic areas were greater in animals treated with high compared to standard fluid administration, regardless of PEEP decrease rate. However, pulmonary arterial pressure, indicated by the pulmonary acceleration time (PAT)/pulmonary ejection time (PET) ratio, was higher in abrupt compared to gradual PEEP decrease, independent of fluid status. Animals treated with high fluids and abrupt PEEP decrease exhibited greater diffuse alveolar damage and higher expression of interleukin-6 (a pro-inflammatory marker) and vascular endothelial growth factor (a marker of endothelial cell damage) compared to the other groups. The combination of standard fluid administration and gradual PEEP decrease increased zonula occludens-1 expression, suggesting epithelial cell preservation. Expression of club cell-16 protein, an alveolar epithelial cell damage marker, was higher in abrupt compared to gradual PEEP decrease groups, regardless of fluid status. Acute kidney injury score and gene expression of kidney injury molecule-1 were higher in the high versus standard fluid administration groups, regardless of PEEP decrease rate.ConclusionIn the ARDS model used herein, decreasing PEEP abruptly increased pulmonary arterial hypertension, independent of fluid status. The combination of abrupt PEEP decrease and high fluid administration led to greater lung and kidney damage. This information adds to the growing body of evidence that supports gradual transitioning of ventilatory patterns and warrants directing additional investigative effort into vascular and deflation issues that impact lung protection.

【 授权许可】

CC BY