期刊论文详细信息
International Journal of Retina and Vitreous
Lasting effects of prenatal exposure to Cannabis in the retina of the offspring: an experimental study in mice
Mariana Matera Veras1  Victor Yuji Yariwake1  Sarah Gomes Menezes Benevenutto1  Marco Antonio Garcia Martins1  Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva1  Janaina Iannicelli Torres1  Angélica Mendonça Vaz Safatle2  Ricardo Augusto Pecora2  Aline Adriana Bolzan2  Gustavo Sakuno3  Walter Yukihiko Takahashi3  Francisco Max Damico3  Paulo Roberto Arruda Zantut3 
[1] Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;Ophthalmology Service, Department of Surgery, Veterinary Medicine College and Zootechny, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;
关键词: Cannabis;    Retina;    Mice;    Prenatal exposure delayed effects;    Tomography;    Optical coherence;    Microscopy;   
DOI  :  10.1186/s40942-021-00314-8
来源: Springer
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【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPrenatal exposure to Cannabis is a worldwide growing problem. Although retina is part of the central nervous system, the impact of maternal Cannabis use on the retinal development and its postnatal consequences remains unknown. As the prenatal period is potentially sensitive in the normal development of the retina, we hypothesized that recreational use of Cannabis during pregnancy may alter retina structure in the offspring. To test this, we developed a murine model that mimics human exposure in terms of dose and use.MethodsPregnant BalbC mice were exposed daily for 5 min to Cannabis smoke (0.2 g of Cannabis) or filtered air, from gestational day 5 to 18 (N = 10/group). After weaning period, pups were separated and examined weekly. On days 60, 120, 200, and 360 after birth, 10 pups from each group were randomly selected for Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) analysis of the retina. All retina layers were measured and inner, outer, and total retina thickness were calculated. Other 37 mice from both groups were sacrificed on days 20, 60, and 360 for retinal stereology (total volume of the retina and volume fraction of each retinal layer) and light microscopy. Means and standard deviations were calculated and MANOVA was performed.ResultsThe retina of animals which mother was exposed to Cannabis during gestation was 17% thinner on day 120 (young adult) than controls (P = 0.003) due to 21% thinning of the outer retina (P = 0.001). The offspring of mice from the exposed group presented thickening of the IS/OS in comparison to controls on day 200 (P < 0.001). In the volumetric analyzes by retinal stereology, the exposed mice presented transitory increase of the IS/OS total volume and volume fraction on day 60 (young adult) compared to controls (P = 0.008 and P = 0.035, respectively). On light microscopy, exposed mice presented thickening of the IS/OS on day 360 (adult) compared to controls (P = 0.03).ConclusionGestational exposure to Cannabis smoke may cause structural changes in the retina of the offspring that return to normal on mice adulthood. These experimental evidences suggest that children and young adults whose mothers smoked Cannabis during pregnancy may require earlier and more frequent clinical care than the non-exposed population.

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