Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases

Dilip Mathai¹  Shelly Lensing²  Jeannette Y. Lee²  Anantharam Raghavendran³  Priya Abraham³  Rajiv Karthik⁴  Joel M. Palefsky⁵  Alexandra L. Hernandez⁶  Murugesan Sivasubramanian⁷ 

[1] Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India;Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA;Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India;Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India;Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Box 0654, 513 Parnassus Ave, Room S420, 94143, San Francisco, CA, USA;Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Box 0654, 513 Parnassus Ave, Room S420, 94143, San Francisco, CA, USA;Public Health Program, College of Education and Health Sciences, Touro University, Vallejo, CA, USA;The Humsafar Trust, Mumbai, India;

关键词: Human papillomavirus;    HPV;    HIV/AIDS;    Oral cancer;    MSM;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-021-06301-6

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundOral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally linked to a subset of oropharyngeal cancers in Western populations, and both oropharyngeal cancer and oral HPV infection are increased among HIV-positive individuals. India has high incidences of oral and oropharyngeal cancers, and Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) may be at increased risk of developing oropharyngeal cancers. However, there is little information available on the prevalence of oral HPV in this population.MethodsWe tested 302 HIV-positive Indian MSM for oral HPV infection using L1 HPV DNA PCR with probes specific for 29 types and a mixture of 10 additional types. CD4+ level and plasma HIV viral load (VL) were measured. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire including a sexual history.ResultsThe prevalence of oral HPV was 23.7% (95% CI: 19–29%) and 2.4% of participants had oncogenic HPV types. No participants had oral HPV type 16 (HPV-16) and the prevalence of other anogenital HPV types was low. Participants with higher CD4+ levels had reduced odds of having any oral HPV infection (OR: 3.1 [1.4–6.9]) in multivariable analyses.ConclusionsThis is the first report of oral HPV among Indian HIV-positive MSM. Our results show a high prevalence of oral HPV infection consistent with studies from Western populations. However, oncogenic anogenital HPV types were relatively uncommon in our study population. It is unknown what the impact of this distribution of oral HPV will be on oropharyngeal cancers. HIV-positive MSM in India should be monitored closely for oral and oropharyngeal pre-cancer and cancer.

【 授权许可】

CC BY