New insights on intercontinental origins of paternal lineages in Northeast Brazil

BMC Evolutionary Biology

article

Schaan, Ana Paula¹  Yoshioka, France Keiko²  Pinto, Giovanny²  Santos, Sidney¹  Costa, Lorenna³  Silbiger, Vivian³  Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea¹  Gusmão, Leonor⁵  Jannuzzi, Juliana⁵  Modesto, Antonio⁴  Amador, Marcos¹  Marques, Diego¹  Rabenhorst, Silvia Helena⁶  Montenegro, Raquel⁶  Lopes, Thayson² 

[1] Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará;Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí;Clinical and Toxicological Analyses Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte;Center for Oncology Research, Federal University of Pará;DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ);Pathology and Legal Medicine Department, Federal University of Ceará

关键词: Y-SNPs;    Population genetics;    Genetic ancestry;    Asymmetric colonization;    Admixed population;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12862-020-1579-9

学科分类：护理学

来源: BioMed Central

【 摘 要 】

The current Brazilian population is the product of centuries of admixture between intercontinental founding groups. Although previous results have revealed a heterogeneous distribution of mitochondrial lineages in the Northeast region, the most targeted by foreign settlers during the sixteenth century, little is known about the paternal ancestry of this particular population. Considering historical records have documented a series of territorial invasions in the Northeast by various European populations, we aimed to characterize the male lineages found in Brazilian individuals in order to discover to what extent these migrations have influenced the present-day gene pool. Our approach consisted of employing four hierarchical multiplex assays for the investigation of 45 unique event polymorphisms in the non-recombining portion of the Y-chromosome of 280 unrelated men from several Northeast Brazilian states. Primary multiplex results allowed the identification of six major haplogroups, four of which were screened for downstream SNPs and enabled the observation of 19 additional lineages. Results reveal a majority of Western European haplogroups, among which R1b-S116* was the most common (63.9%), corroborating historical records of colonizations by Iberian populations. Nonetheless, FST genetic distances show similarities between Northeast Brazil and several other European populations, indicating multiple origins of settlers. Regarding Native American ancestry, our findings confirm a strong sexual bias against such haplogroups, which represented only 2.5% of individuals, highly contrasting previous results for maternal lineages. Furthermore, we document the presence of several Middle Eastern and African haplogroups, supporting a complex historical formation of this population and highlighting its uniqueness among other Brazilian regions. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the major Y-chromosome lineages that form the most dynamic migratory region from the Brazilian colonial period. This evidence suggests that the ongoing entry of European, Middle Eastern, and African males in the Brazilian Northeast, since at least 500 years, was significantly responsible for the present-day genetic architecture of this population.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC0