Tsunami evacuation times and routes to safe zones: a GIS-based approach to tsunami evacuation planning on the island of Stromboli, Italy

Journal of Applied Volcanology

Domenico Mangione¹  Stefano Ciolli¹  Pauline Deguy²  Giorgio Lacanna³  Maurizio Ripepe³  Maria Cusolito⁴  Andrew J. L. Harris⁵  Emmie M. Bonilauri⁵  Julie Morin⁶ 

[1] Dipartimento della Protezione Civile, Rome, Italy;Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy;Laboratorio di Geofisica Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy;Lipari town council, Lipari, Aeolian Islands, Italy;Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Clermont – Ferrand, France;Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Clermont – Ferrand, France;Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK;

关键词: Stromboli;    Volcanogenic tsunami;    Volcanic island hazard;    Evacuation modelling;    Evacuation maps;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13617-021-00104-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

While a landslide at the volcanic island of Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, Italy) in December 2002 created a tsunami with a run-up of 10.9 m, two paroxysmal eruptions in the summer of 2019 caused a tsunami with an amplitude of 40 to 20 cm. All three events required rapid, spontaneous emergency evacuations of the beach zone as the time between tsunami generation and impact is around 4 min. These conditions thus require a special consideration of the issue of evacuation capabilities on the island in the event of a volcanogenic tsunami. The purpose of this paper is thus to (i) determine pedestrian evacuation times from high-risk coastal areas to safe zones, (ii) to assess building evacuation ease, and (iii) determine emergency evacuation plans (for buildings and coastal zones). For this purpose, we created a GIS-based risk analysis/mapping tool that also allowed macroscopic evacuation modelling. In our case, the high-risk zone to be evacuated involves an area extending to 10 m a.s.l. and involving 123 individual buildings over an area of 0.18 km2. The results show that 33% of the buildings can be evacuated in 4 min, and that a 10-min warning time is required for a complete and well-distributed evacuation whereby the population is evenly distributed between all evacuation exits to avoid the potential for congestion. Initial interviews of residents in the at-risk zone reveal a high level of awareness and a desire for personalized evacuation scenarios.

【 授权许可】

CC BY