The Complex Interactions Between Rotavirus and the Gut Microbiota

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Vanessa C. Harris¹  Andrew HyoungJin Kim²  Michael P. Hogarty²  Megan T. Baldridge² 

[1] Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Department of Global Health (AIGHD), Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands;Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States;

关键词: rotavirus (human and animal);    microbiota;    immunity;    rotavirus vaccine;    animal models;    in vitro;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2020.586751

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Human rotavirus (HRV) is the leading worldwide cause of acute diarrhea-related death in children under the age of five. RV infects the small intestine, an important site of colonization by the microbiota, and studies over the past decade have begun to reveal a complex set of interactions between RV and the gut microbiota. RV infection can temporarily alter the composition of the gut microbiota and probiotic administration alleviates some symptoms of infection in vivo, suggesting reciprocal effects between the virus and the gut microbiota. While development of effective RV vaccines has offered significant protection against RV-associated mortality, vaccine effectiveness in low-income countries has been limited, potentially due to regional differences in the gut microbiota. In this mini review, we briefly detail research findings to date related to HRV vaccine cohorts, studies of natural infection, explorations of RV-microbiota interactions in gnotobiotic pig models, and highlight various in vivo and in vitro models that could be used in future studies to better define how the microbiota may regulate RV infection and host antiviral immune responses.

【 授权许可】

CC BY