Platelet Membrane Receptor Proteolysis: Implications for Platelet Function

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Jiayu Wu¹  Johan W. M. Heemskerk¹  Constance C. F. M. J. Baaten² 

[1] Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands;Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands;Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany;

关键词: ADAM;    calpain;    caspase;    coagulation factors;    MMP;    platelets;    receptor proteolysis;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcvm.2020.608391

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The activities of adhesion and signaling receptors in platelets are controlled by several mechanisms. An important way of regulation is provided by proteolytic cleavage of several of these receptors, leading to either a gain or a loss of platelet function. The proteases involved are of different origins and types: (i) present as precursor in plasma, (ii) secreted into the plasma by activated platelets or other blood cells, or (iii) intracellularly activated and cleaving cytosolic receptor domains. We provide a comprehensive overview of the proteases acting on the platelet membrane. We describe how these are activated, which are their target proteins, and how their proteolytic activity modulates platelet functions. The review focuses on coagulation-related proteases, plasmin, matrix metalloproteinases, ADAM(TS) isoforms, cathepsins, caspases, and calpains. We also describe how the proteolytic activities are determined by different platelet populations in a thrombus and conversely how proteolysis contributes to the formation of such populations.

【 授权许可】

CC BY