Hypertension and COVID-19: Ongoing Controversies

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Marijana Tadic¹  Guido Grassi²  Cesare Cuspidi³  Stefano Taddei⁴  Sahrai Saeed⁵  Giuseppe Mancia⁶ 

[1] Department of Cardiology, University Hospital “Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje”, Belgrade, Serbia;Department of Cardiology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy;Department of Cardiology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy;Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Milan, Italy;Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway;University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano and Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy;

关键词: hypertension;    COVID - 19;    blood pressure;    antihypertensive therapy;    comorbidities;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcvm.2021.639222

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide pandemic responsible for millions of deaths around the world. Hypertension has been identified as one of the most common comorbidities and risk factors for severity and adverse outcome in these patients. Recent investigations have raised the question whether hypertension represents a predictor of outcome in COVID-19 patients independently of other common comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, other cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney, liver, and pulmonary diseases. However, the impact of chronic and newly diagnosed hypertension in COVID-19 patients has been insufficiently investigated. The same is true for the relationship between blood pressure levels and outcomes in COVID-19 patients. It seems that the long discussion about the impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and blockers of angiotensin I receptors (ARB) on severity and outcome in COVID-19 is approaching an end because the large number of original studies and meta-analyses discarded the initial findings about higher prevalence of ACEI/ARB use in patients with unfavorable outcomes. Nevertheless, there are many controversies in the relationship between hypertension and COVID-19. The aim of this review article is to provide a clinical overview of the currently available evidence regarding the predictive value of hypertension, the effect of blood pressure levels, the impact of previously known and newly diagnosed hypertension, and the effect of antihypertensive therapy on the severity and outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

【 授权许可】

CC BY