Adaptive responses and invasion: the role of plasticity and evolution in snail shell morphology

Ecology and Evolution

Erica J. Kistner¹ 

[1] School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington

关键词: Adaptive evolution;    Canonical variate analysis;    morphometric landmarks;    phenotypic plasticity;    Potamopyrgus antipodarum;    shell morphology;   

DOI  :  10.1002/ece3.471

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Invasive species often exhibit either evolved or plastic adaptations in response to spatially varying environmental conditions. We investigated whether evolved or plastic adaptation was driving variation in shell morphology among invasive populations of the New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) in the western United States. We found that invasive populations exhibit considerable shell shape variation and inhabit a variety of flow velocity habitats. We investigated the importance of evolution and plasticity by examining variation in shell morphological traits 1) between the parental and F₁ generations for each population and 2) among populations of the first lab generation (F₁) in a common garden, full-sib design using Canonical Variate Analyses (CVA). We compared the F₁ generation to the parental lineages and found significant differences in overall shell shape indicating a plastic response. However, when examining differences among the F₁ populations, we found that they maintained among-population shell shape differences, indicating a genetic response. The F₁ generation exhibited a smaller shell morph more suited to the low-flow common garden environment within a single generation. Our results suggest that phenotypic plasticity in conjunction with evolution may be driving variation in shell morphology of this widespread invasive snail.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© 2013 The Authors. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.