Fisheries‐induced neutral and adaptive evolution in exploited fish populations and consequences for their adaptive potential

Evolutionary Applications

Lise Marty²  Ulf Dieckmann¹ 

[1] IIASA, Evolution and Ecology Program, Laxenburg, Austria;IFREMER, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, Unité Halieutique Manche-Mer du Nord, Boulogne-sur-mer, France

关键词: eco‐genetic model;    effective population size;    fisheries‐induced evolution;    genetic drift;    genetic erosion;    genetic markers;    life‐history traits;    natural selection and contemporary evolution;   

DOI  :  10.1111/eva.12220

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Fishing may induce neutral and adaptive evolution affecting life-history traits, and molecular evidence has shown that neutral genetic diversity has declined in some exploited populations. Here, we theoretically study the interplay between neutral and adaptive evolution caused by fishing. An individual-based eco-genetic model is devised that includes neutral and functional loci in a realistic ecological setting. In line with theoretical expectations, we find that fishing induces evolution towards slow growth, early maturation at small size and higher reproductive investment. We show, first, that the choice of genetic model (based on either quantitative genetics or gametic inheritance) influences the evolutionary recovery of traits after fishing ceases. Second, we analyse the influence of three factors possibly involved in the lack of evolutionary recovery: the strength of selection, the effect of genetic drift and the loss of adaptive potential. We find that evolutionary recovery is hampered by an association of weak selection differentials with reduced additive genetic variances. Third, the contribution of fisheries-induced selection to the erosion of functional genetic diversity clearly dominates that of genetic drift only for the traits related to maturation. Together, our results highlight the importance of taking into account population genetic variability in predictions of eco-evolutionary dynamics.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.