Epidemiology and Ecology of H3N8 Canine Influenza Viruses in US Shelter Dogs

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

H.L. Pecoraro³  S. Bennett¹  K.P. Huyvaert²  M.E. Spindel¹ 

[1] Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO;Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO;Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO

关键词: Akaike;    Canine infectious respiratory disease;    Humane shelter;    Information‐theoretic approach;   

DOI  :  10.1111/jvim.12301

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Background

H3N8 canine influenza virus (CIV) infection might contribute to increased duration of shelter stay for dogs. Greater understanding of factors contributing to CIV within shelters could help veterinarians identify control measures for CIV.

Objectives

To assess community to shelter dog CIV transmission, estimate true prevalence of CIV, and determine risk factors associated with CIV in humane shelters.

Animals

5,160 dogs upon intake or discharge from 6 US humane shelters, December 2009 through January 2012.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed with prospective convenience sampling of 40 dogs from each shelter monthly. Nasal swabs and serum samples were collected. Hemagglutination inhibition and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays were performed for each nasal and serum sample. True prevalence was estimated by stochastic latent class analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with CIV shedding and seropositivity.

Results

Nasal swabs were positive from 4.4% of New York (NY), 4.7% of Colorado (CO), 3.2% of South Carolina, 1.2% of Florida, and 0% of California and Texas shelter dogs sampled. Seropositivity was the highest in the CO shelter dogs at 10%, and NY at 8.5%. Other shelters had 0% seropositivity. Information-theoretic analyses suggested that CIV shedding was associated with region, month, and year (model weight = 0.95) and comingling/cohousing (model weight = 0.92).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Community dogs are a likely source of CIV introduction into humane shelters and once CIV has become established, dog-to-dog transmission maintains the virus within a shelter.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2014 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine