American Cocker Spaniel Chronic Hepatitis in Japan

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

H. Kanemoto³  M. Sakai¹  Y. Sakamoto¹  B. Spee³  T.S.G.A.M. van den Ingh²  B.A. Schotanus³  K. Ohno⁴ 

[1] Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan;TCCI Consultancy BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

关键词: Breed‐related hepatitis;    Liver progenitor cells;    Portal hypertension;   

DOI  :  10.1111/jvim.12126

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Background

American Cocker Spaniels are predisposed to chronic hepatitis.

Objective

To describe the clinical and histological features of chronic hepatitis in Japanese American Cocker Spaniels.

Animals

Thirteen cases examined from 2003 to 2009.

Methods

Retrospective study. Medical records were searched for American Cocker Spaniels with chronic liver diseases. History, physical examination, clinicopathologic features, hepatic ultrasonographic findings, hepatic histopathology, and immunohistochemistry were evaluated.

Results

The median age was 4.6 (1.9–10.7) years. Clinical signs included inappetence (11/13), ascites (11/13), lethargy (9/13), diarrhea (7/13), and melena (2/13). Only 1/13 dogs was jaundiced. Clinicopathological abnormalities were increased liver enzymes (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: 9/12, aspartate aminotransferase: 7/10, alanine aminotransferase: 6/13, alkaline phosphatase: 6/13), increased total serum bile acid concentrations (10/12), and hypoalbuminemia (10/13). The liver had an irregular surface in all dogs and acquired portosystemic collaterals were verified in 11/13 dogs by abdominal ultrasound (2), laparoscopy (4), or both (5). Liver histology revealed severe fibrosis and cirrhosis in all cases, subdivided in lobular dissecting hepatitis (7), periportal fibrosis (1), micronodular cirrhosis (3), and macronocular cirrhosis (2). Inflammatory activity was low to mild. Immunohistochemical stains showed ductular proliferation. The median survival time was 913 (range: 63–1981) days.

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

Hepatitis in Japanese American Cocker Spaniels is clinically silent until an advanced stage and is associated with severe hepatic fibrosis leading to cirrhosis, extensive ductular/putative hepatic progenitor cell proliferation, portal hypertension, and acquired portosystemic collateral shunting, but relatively long survival times. Lobular dissecting hepatitis seems more prevalent than in previously reported cases from other countries.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine