Monitoring Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Review of Available Diagnostic Tools

Frontiers in Public Health

Jianghua Zheng¹  Christopher Corpe²  Heng Zou³  Shanshan Liu³  Xiaoyan Zhang³  Jin Wang³  Qiuyue Li³  Xiaomeng He³  Jianqing Xu³  Mingbin Liu⁴  Minxia Zeng⁵  Xuntao Chu⁵ 

[1] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China;Nutritional Science Department, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, China;Zhuhai Livzon Diagnostics Inc., Guangdong, China;

关键词: COVID-19;    SARS-CoV-2;    rRT-PCR;    immunoassay;    coronavirus;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2021.672215

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is caused by the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has rapidly become a global public health concern. As the new type of betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 can spread across species and between populations and has a greater risk of transmission than other coronaviruses. To control the spread of SARS-CoV-2, it is vital to have a rapid and effective means of diagnosing asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals and patients with COVID-19, an early isolation protocol for infected individuals, and effective treatments for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. In this review, we will summarize the novel diagnostic tools that are currently available for coronavirus, including imaging examinations and laboratory medicine by next-generation sequencing (NGS), real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) analysis, immunoassay for COVID-19, cytokine and T cell immunoassays, biochemistry and microbiology laboratory parameters in the blood of the patients with COVID-19, and a field-effect transistor-based biosensor of COVID-19. Specifically, we will discuss the effective detection rate and assay time for the rRT-PCR analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and the sensitivity and specificity of different antibody detection methods, such as colloidal gold and ELISA using specimen sources obtained from the respiratory tract, peripheral serum or plasma, and other bodily fluids. Such diagnostics will help scientists and clinicians develop appropriate strategies to combat COVID-19.

【 授权许可】

CC BY