The Ringleaders: Understanding the Apicomplexan Basal Complex Through Comparison to Established Contractile Ring Systems

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Alexander A. Morano¹  Jeffrey D. Dvorin² 

[1] Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States;Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States;Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;

关键词: cytokinesis;    contractile ring;    basal complex;    Apicomplexans;    actomyosin;    division;    schizogony;    endodyogeny;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2021.656976

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The actomyosin contractile ring is a key feature of eukaryotic cytokinesis, conserved across many eukaryotic kingdoms. Recent research into the cell biology of the divergent eukaryotic clade Apicomplexa has revealed a contractile ring structure required for asexual division in the medically relevant genera Toxoplasma and Plasmodium; however, the structure of the contractile ring, known as the basal complex in these parasites, remains poorly characterized and in the absence of a myosin II homolog, it is unclear how the force required of a cytokinetic contractile ring is generated. Here, we review the literature on the basal complex in Apicomplexans, summarizing what is known about its formation and function, and attempt to provide possible answers to this question and suggest new avenues of study by comparing the Apicomplexan basal complex to well-studied, established cytokinetic contractile rings and their mechanisms in organisms such as S. cerevisiae and D. melanogaster. We also compare the basal complex to structures formed during mitochondrial and plastid division and cytokinetic mechanisms of organisms beyond the Opisthokonts, considering Apicomplexan diversity and divergence.

【 授权许可】

CC BY