Atomic force microscopy tip characteriser based on the fabrication of nanorod array structures

Micro & nano letters

article

Yuqin Chen¹  Guoqiang Han¹  Bingwei He¹ 

[1] School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University;Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Science

关键词: atomic force microscopy;    gold;    metallic thin films;    nanofabrication;    sputter deposition;    surface roughness;    nanorods;    atomic force microscopy tip characteriser;    nanorod array structure fabrication;    probe tip scanning;    distorted representation;    tip finite size;    distorted image;    tip shape;    tip estimation;    sample-dimensional uncertainty;    AFM image noise;    size 100 nm to 400 nm;    size 60 nm;    Au;    Al2O3;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2013.0577

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Introduction: Pain is a phenomenon that may be experience d every human being. Pain is one of the symptoms of the disease that has negative effects on patients and causes challenges in medical personnel. The aim of the present systematic review was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and pain management status in Iranian nurses. Methodology: This is a systematic review carried out according to systematic review articles checklist (PRISMA). The search was conducted by two researchers separately. In case of inconsistency, the search was examined by a third researchers. In this study, articles that met the inclusion criteria and published between 2000 to June 2019, were included. The search process was carried out in Iranian and international databases. Data were reported in usinga descriptive method using Excel 2007 software. Result: According to result 180 articles were extracted in the initial search, of which 50 were excluded from the study, and finally        19 articles entered the data extraction phase. The extracted articles were classified into 4 dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice in pain management, nurses'understanding of pain management, nurses' problems in pain relief, and the extent of pain management implementation and assessment, which are described as follows. Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge, attitude, and managementregarding painmanagementis not in an excellent condition and many studies in Iran should include educational interventions for nurses to help improve their knowledge, attitude, and pain management.

【 授权许可】

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