Inverse miniemulsion copolymerisation of aniline with p-phenylenediamine

Micro & nano letters

article

Bo Yang¹ 

[1] Graduate School, Yangtze University

关键词: electrical conductivity;    emulsions;    Fourier transform spectra;    infrared spectra;    light scattering;    polymer blends;    polymerisation;    X-ray diffraction;    inverse miniemulsion copolymerisation;    aniline;    p-phenylenediamine;    polyaniline-poly(p-phenylenediamine) copolymer;    surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;    X-ray diffraction;    dynamic light scattering;    Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy;    monomer molar ratio;    intrinsic viscosity;    electrical conductivity;    temperature 5 degC to 30 degC;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2013.0640

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Objective: evaluate efficacy of combining multimodal analgesia and local anesthetic infiltration compared with caudal analgesia among pediatric patients undergoing major abdominal pediatric cancer surgeryMethodology: This randomized controlled pilot study was carried out at postoperative care unit of our institution. This pilot study enrolled 90 children ASA I and II with cancer scheduled for major abdominal surgery through a midline incision. Intervention: patients were randomly divided into three equal groups. The morphine group received IV morphine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg after induction of anesthesia. The caudal group underwent caudal block. The multimodal group received paracetamol, ketorolac and ketamine infusion, with local wound infiltration of levobupivacaine before skin incision and at the end of surgery. After surgery, all patients were maintained on PCA morphine postoperatively. Primary outcome measure was total postoperative morphine consumption. The secondary endpoints were VAS score for pain, the time to first PCA bolus, and the number of PCA doses.Results: that there were no between-group differences in the baseline characteristics of the participants. The three analgesic modalities provided adequate pain relief for up to 24 h. The multimodal and caudal groups did not significantly differ in terms of total morphine consumption (p = 0.521), time to first analgesic bolus (p = 0.136), or the number of total and active PCA boluses (p = 0.260 and p = 0.904, respectively). Both groups were superior to the morphine group regarding morphine consumption, time to first analgesic bolus, and the number of total and active PCA bolusesConclusion: Preemptive multimodal analgesia and caudal block offered comparable efficacy in the target population.

【 授权许可】

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