Method of mould alignment for double-sided hot embossing of microfluidic devices using kinematic constraints

Micro & nano letters

article

Timothy Conner¹  In-Hyouk Song¹  Taehyun Park³  Byoung Hee You¹ 

[1]Department of Engineering Technology, Texas State University

[2]Material Science, Engineering, and Commercialization Program, Texas State University

[3]School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungnam University

关键词: moulding;    moulding equipment;    embossing;    hot working;    microfluidics;    microfabrication;    mould alignment;    double-sided hot embossing machine;    polymer microfluidic devices;    kinematic constraints;    biochemical analyses;    mould inserts;    fluidic reservoirs;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2014.0134

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Fentanyl is a strong opioid and it is widely used for pain relief. In this review, we evaluated the efficacy of fentanyl in pain management in the emergency department. For this review, we searched scientific search engines including google, google scholar, Cochrane library, Medline, and PubMed and collected original articles, including randomized controlled trials, comparative studies, cohort and case series related to fentanyl and its administration in the emergency department from 2010 to 2016. In this review, 8 articles and 44493 patients were evaluated. Four articles were retrospective and 4 articles were prospective of these four articles were a randomized placebo-controlled and double-blinded. Among eight, six articles compared the efficacy and adverse events of fentanyl with other opioids. We found fentanyl significantly decreases pain intensity in the patient with acute pain in the emergency department. Moreover, it is more effective than morphine and methoxyflurane.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC BY-ND|CC BY-NC|CC BY-NC-ND