Synthesis of core–shell Cu@BaTiO 3 conductive powders modified by gaseous rare-earth penetration

Micro & nano letters

article

Fangwei Wang¹  Sue Hao¹  Siyu Fang¹  Jiajing Zhang¹ 

[1] School of Chemical and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology;Department of Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology

关键词: powders;    copper;    barium compounds;    ceramics;    X-ray diffraction;    scanning electron microscopy;    X-ray chemical analysis;    electrical resistivity;    composite materials;    materials preparation;    core-shell conductive powders;    gaseous rare-earth penetration;    hydrothermal method;    copper contents;    X-ray powder diffraction;    scanning electron microscopy;    energy dispersive spectrometer;    electrical resistivity;    core-shell structure;    Cu-BaTiO3;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2016.0190

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare perioperative pain relief with intravenouspatient controlled analgesia using morphine and maxillary nerve block in patients undergoing unilateralmaxillary surgery.Methodology: Sixty patients, ages between 17 and 70 years, ASA I and II, undergoing unilateral maxillarysurgery (cystectomy, odontogenic tumour excision and orodental fistula repair), were recruited in thestudy and divided into two equal groups. In Group-A patients were administered general anesthesia plusmaxillary nerve block with bupivacaine, and in Group-B patients were anesthetized with general anesthesiaand morphine followed by PCA. Blood pressure, heart rate and SpO2 were measured intraoperativelyevery 15 min. VAS was used postoperatively every 4 hours during first 24 hours. Satisfaction of the patient,conscious level, and complications, e.g. nausea, vomiting, itching and urine retention, were recorded inboth groups.Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSSsoftware version 16. The unpaired students t-test was used to compare the results of both groups.Complications are presented as percentage. P value <0.05 is considered significant.Results: The hemodynamic parameters were increased in group B in comparison to group A. No significantchanges in oxygen saturation during intraoperative period were observed between both groups or withingroups. Regarding pain score (VAS), there were no statistically significant difference between both groupsat (0) hour but difference was statistically significant between both groups after 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24hours, VAS score being more in Group B in comparison to Group A. Only 10% and 3.3% of patients inGroup A suffered from nausea and drowsiness respectively. In group B, 30%,10%, 10% , 20 %and 10% ofpatients suffered from nausea, vomiting, Pruritus , drowsiness and urine retention respectively. This partneeds to be described in a better way.Conclusion; Perioperative pain relief in cases of unilateral maxillary medium sized maxillary pathologyremoval achieved by maxillary nerve block is better than intravenous patient controlled analgesia due tohemodynamic stability, better pain control and lower side effects.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC BY-ND|CC BY-NC|CC BY-NC-ND