Degradation induced by hot carrier and cold carrier in 65-nm NMOSFETs with enclosed gate and two-edged gate layouts

Micro & nano letters

article

Jingyu Shen¹  Ming Zhang¹  Wei Li¹  Xue Fan¹  Jianjun Li¹  Can Tan¹ 

[1] State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China;Chengdu Technological University

关键词: CMOS integrated circuits;    hot carriers;    annealing;    semiconductor device reliability;    MOSFET circuits;    radiation hardening (electronics);    constant voltage stress;    cold carrier contribution;    HCE damage;    enclosed gate NMOSFET;    two-edged gate NMOSFET;    hot carrier reliability;    hot carrier stress;    complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology;    NMOSFET;    N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors;    enclosed gate layouts;    two-edged gate layouts;    annealing bias;    CMOS technology;    total-dose radiation tolerance;    CMOS circuits;    size 65.0 nm;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2017.0850

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Sumatriptan(ST) is a selective agonist at serotonin 5-HTI receptors, as well as 5-HT1B/1D subtypes. It is effective for acute migraine attacks, but has a short half  life (about 2 hours) and low oral bioavailability (15%). The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize nasal mucoadhesive in-situ gel(IG) of ST to enhance nasal residence time for migraine management. Cold method was used to prepare different formulas of  ST nasal IG, using thermosensitive polymers (poloxamer 407  alone or with poloxamer 188) with a mucoadhesive polymer hyaluronic acid (HA) which were examined for gelation temperature and gelation time, pH, drug content, gel strength, spreadability, mucoadhesive force determination, viscosity,  in-vitro drug release, and the selected formula was subjected to fourier transform infrared (FTIR) compatibility studies, and to ex-vivo permeation study, histological evaluation of the sheep mucosal tissue after ST nasal gel application for  6 hours.The results showed that the formula IG7 prepared from poloxamer 407(19%), poloxamer188 (4%) and HA (0.5%)   had an optimum gelation temperature (32.66±1.52°C), gel  strength (43.66± 1.52 sec),  mucoadhesive force (8067.93± 746.45dyne\cm2), in-vitro drug release (95.98%) over 6h, ex-vivo permeation study (89.6%)  during the 6 h. study with no  histological or pathological change in the nasal sheep tissue and no interaction between drug and other additives in IG7. Formulation of ST as a nasal insitu gel to avoid first pass metabolism and ease of administration coupled with less frequent and sustained drug release, will enhance patient compliance.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC BY-ND|CC BY-NC|CC BY-NC-ND