Climate indices to characterize climatic changes across southern Canada

Meteorological applications

article

Hussein Wazneh¹  M. Altaf Arain¹  Paulin Coulibaly¹ 

[1]School of Geography and Earth Sciences and McMaster Centre for Climate Change, Faculty of sciences, McMaster University

[2]Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and ESCER (Étude et Simulation du Climat à l'Échelle Régionale) Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Québec at Montréal (UQAM)

[3]Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University

关键词: climate change;    climate indices;    CMIP5;    extreme events;    future climate projection;   

DOI  :  10.1002/met.1861

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Microorganisms particularly bacteria presenting in insects such as Phlebotominae may play an important role in the epidemiology of human infectious disease. Nowadays, because of vector implications, the routine methods of controlling and spraying have no more beneficial effects on vectors and reservoirs. Little knows about the prevalence and diversity of sand fly bacteria. The main objective of this study was to determine the presence of bacteria of phlebotominae sand flies collected in Hamadan, west of Iran. This information is important in order to development of vector control strategies. The microbial flora of Phlebotomus papatasi and P. sergenti the main vector of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the old world, were investigated. We characterized 8 bacteria, including 5 Gram-negative bacteria: Acinetobacter lwoffii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Edvardsiela sp. and Proteus mirabilis and Gram-positive bacteria: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Micrococcus luteus. Our study provides some data on the microbiota diversity of field-collected sand flies for the first time in Hamadan. Our results indicate that there is a range of variation of aerobic bacteria inhabiting sand fly, which possibly reflect the ecological condition of the habitat where the fly breeds. Microbiota is increasingly regarded as an important factor for modulating vector competence in insect vectors. So, mirobiota can be effects on the biology of phlebotominae and their roles in the sandfly-Leishmania interaction. Further experiments are required to clearly delineate the vectorial role of sand flies. Because it is probable that in the future, factors such as environmental changes, migration and urbanization can ease the transmission of leishmaniasis in this area.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC BY-NC|CC BY-NC-ND