The role of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a structured literature review

BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making

Davide Calandra¹  Paolo Biancone¹  Silvana Secinaro¹  Vivek Muthurangu²  Aurelio Secinaro³ 

[1] Department of Management, University of Turin, Turin, Italy;Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK;Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy;

关键词: Artificial intelligence;    Healthcare;    Patient data;    Clinical decision-making;    Management;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12911-021-01488-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Background/IntroductionArtificial intelligence (AI) in the healthcare sector is receiving attention from researchers and health professionals. Few previous studies have investigated this topic from a multi-disciplinary perspective, including accounting, business and management, decision sciences and health professions.MethodsThe structured literature review with its reliable and replicable research protocol allowed the researchers to extract 288 peer-reviewed papers from Scopus. The authors used qualitative and quantitative variables to analyse authors, journals, keywords, and collaboration networks among researchers. Additionally, the paper benefited from the Bibliometrix R software package.ResultsThe investigation showed that the literature in this field is emerging. It focuses on health services management, predictive medicine, patient data and diagnostics, and clinical decision-making. The United States, China, and the United Kingdom contributed the highest number of studies. Keyword analysis revealed that AI can support physicians in making a diagnosis, predicting the spread of diseases and customising treatment paths.ConclusionsThe literature reveals several AI applications for health services and a stream of research that has not fully been covered. For instance, AI projects require skills and data quality awareness for data-intensive analysis and knowledge-based management. Insights can help researchers and health professionals understand and address future research on AI in the healthcare field.

【 授权许可】

CC BY