An old weapon with a new function: PIWI-interacting RNAs in neurodegenerative diseases

Translational Neurodegeneration

Xiaobing Huang¹  Garry Wong¹ 

[1] Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macau, S.A.R., China;

关键词: piRNA;    piRNA biogenesis;    Transposable element;    Neurodegenerative disease;    H3K9me3;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40035-021-00233-6

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding transcripts that are highly conserved across species and regulate gene expression through pre- and post-transcriptional processes. piRNAs were originally discovered in germline cells and protect against transposable element expression to promote and maintain genome stability. In the recent decade, emerging roles of piRNAs have been revealed, including the roles in sterility, tumorigenesis, metabolic homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize piRNA biogenesis in C. elegans, Drosophila, and mice, and further elaborate upon how piRNAs mitigate the harmful effects of transposons. Lastly, the most recent findings on piRNA participation in neurological diseases are highlighted. We speculate on the mechanisms of piRNA action in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the roles of piRNAs in neurological diseases may facilitate their applications in diagnostic and therapeutic practice.

【 授权许可】

CC BY