The role of viral and bacterial infections in the pathogenesis of IPF: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Respiratory Research

Shayan Mostafaei¹  Parisa Riahi²  Mohammad Doroudian³  Bahareh Bayat⁴  Mohsen Moghoofei⁵  Shima Hadifar⁶  Ava Behrouzi⁶  Bashdar Mahmud Hussen⁷  Javid Sadri Nahand⁸  Babak Sayad⁹  Maryam Ebadi Fard Azar^1,10 

[1] Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran;Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq;Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

关键词: Viral infection;    Bacterial infection;    Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;    Epidemiology;    Meta-analysis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12931-021-01650-x

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease. Several risk factors such as smoking, air pollution, inhaled toxins, high body mass index and infectious agents are involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. In the present study, this meta-analysis study investigates the prevalence of viral and bacterial infections in the IPF patients and any possible association between these infections with pathogenesis of IPF.MethodsThe authors carried out this systematic literature review from different reliable databases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar to December 2020.Keywords used were the following “Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis”, “Infection”, “Bacterial Infection” and “Viral Infection”, alone or combined together with the Boolean operators "OR”, “AND” and “NOT” in the Title/Abstract/Keywords field. Pooled proportion and its 95% CI were used to assess the prevalence of viral and bacterial infections in the IPF patients.ResultsIn this systematic review and meta-analyses, 32 studies were selected based on the exclusion/inclusion criteria. Geographical distribution of included studies was: eight studies in American people, 8; in European people, 15 in Asians, and one in Africans. The pooled prevalence for viral and bacterial infections w ere 53.72% (95% CI 38.1–69.1%) and 31.21% (95% CI 19.9–43.7%), respectively. The highest and lowest prevalence of viral infections was HSV (77.7% 95% CI 38.48–99.32%), EBV (72.02%, 95% CI 44.65–90.79%) and Influenza A (7.3%, 95% CI 2.66–42.45%), respectively. Whereas the highest and lowest prevalence in bacterial infections were related to Streptococcus sp. (99.49%, 95% CI 96.44–99.9%) and Raoultella (1.2%, 95% CI 0.2–3.08%), respectively.ConclusionsThe results of this review were confirmed that the presence of viral and bacterial infections are the risk factors in the pathogenesis of IPF. In further analyses, which have never been shown in the previous studies, we revealed the geographic variations in the association strengths and emphasized other methodological parameters (e.g., detection method). Also, our study supports the hypothesis that respiratory infection could play a key role in the pathogenesis of IP.

【 授权许可】

CC BY