Understanding the unexplained: The magnitude and correlates of individual differences in residual variance

Ecology and Evolution

Peter A. Biro¹  David J. Mitchell²  Christa Beckmann³ 

[1] Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia;Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia;Department of Zoology/Ethology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia;School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia;Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia;

关键词: animal personality;    behavioral plasticity;    behavioral predictability;    behavioral reaction norm;    intraindividual variability;   

DOI  :  10.1002/ece3.7603

来源: Wiley

【 授权许可】

CC BY