Associative Learning in Insects: Evolutionary Models, Mushroom Bodies, and a Neuroscientific Conundrum

Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews

article

Karen L. Hollis¹  Lauren M. Guillete² 

[1] Mount Holyoke College;University of Alberta

关键词: insect learning;    invertebrate learning;    associative learning;    insect behavior;    antlions;    Neuroptera;    Myrmeleontidae;    sit-and-wait predation;   

DOI  :  10.3819/ccbr.2011.6004

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Comparative Cognition Society

【 摘 要 】

Environmental predictability has for many years been posited to be a key variable in whether learning is expected to evolve in particular species, a claim revisited in two recent papers. However, amongst many researchers, especially neuroscientists, consensus is building for a very different view, namely that learning ability may be an emergent property of nervous systems and, thus, all animals with nervous systems should be able to learn. Here we explore these differing views, sample research on associative learning in insects, and review our own work demonstrating learning in larval antlions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), a highly unlikely insect candidate. We conclude by asserting that the capacity for associative learning is the default condition favored by neuroscientists: Whenever selection pressures favor evolution of nervous systems, the capacity for associative learning follows ipso facto. Nonetheless, to reconcile these disparate views, we suggest that (a) models for the evolution of learning may instead be models for conditions overriding behavioral plasticity; and, (b) costs of learning in insects may be, in fact, costs associated with more complex cognitive skills, skills that are just beginning to be discovered, rather than simple associative learning.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC-ND