Association betweenMaternal Age at Pregnancy, Socioeconomic Status, Physical Environment, Prenatal, Perinatal, Postnatal History, and the Risk of Mental Retardation

Journal of Maternal and Child Health

ARTICLE

Erna Nurochim¹  Dono Indarto²  Adi Prayitno² 

[1] Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University;Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University

关键词: mental retardation;    maternal age at pregnancy;    socioeconomic status;    environment;    pregnancy history.;   

DOI  :  10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.02.07

学科分类：食品科学和技术

来源: Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret

【 摘 要 】

Background : Mental retardation (MR) is a serious public health problem for an country. The prevalence of mental retardation in Indonesia was estimated at 1-3% of the population. About 0.1% of whichneed treatment and guidance the whole life. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal age at pregnancy, socioeconomic status, physical environment, prenatal, perinatal, postnatal history, and mental retardation. Subject and methods : This was an analytic observational study with case control design. This study was conducted in Pare, Kediri, East Java, Indonesia,from October to December 2016. A total 105 study subjects, consisting of 35 MR cases and 70 controls were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The independent variables were maternal age at pregnancy, socioeconomic status, physical environment, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal history. The dependent variable was mental retardation. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by logistic regression model. Results : Maternal age ≥35 years at pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of MR, and it was statistically significant The result showed that mother’s age while pregnant (OR=10.18; 95%CI=2.77 to 37.39; p<0.001). High socioeconomic status (OR=0.23;95%CI=0.07 to 0.81; p=0.022), good physical environment (OR=0.13; 95%CI=0.04 to 0.45; p=<0.001), good prenatal history (OR=0.24;95%CI=0.07 to 0.82; p=0.022), good perinatal history (OR=0.45;95%CI=0.15 to 1.40; p=0.168), good postnatal (OR=0.43;95%CI=0.14 to 1.35; p=0.148), were associated with a decreased risk of MR. Nagelkerke R 2 = 53.8% for this model. Conclusion : Maternal age ≥35 years at pregnancy increases the risk of MR. High socioeconomic status, good physical environment, good prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal history, decrease the risk of MR.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC-SA