Avaliação do sistema de gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos de Quito - Equador através de análise de ciclo de vida

LALCA

article

Cristhian David Chicaiza Ortiz¹  Vanessa Pamela Navarrete Villa¹  Christian Orlando Camacho López²  Ángel Fabián Chicaiza Ortiz² 

[1] Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University;Grupo de Investigación de Recursos Mineros e Ingeniería, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo;Grupo Interdisciplinario de Estudios en Arquitectura y Construcción Sostenible. Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam

关键词: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA);    Municipal Solid Waste Management;    Landfill;    Ecuador.;   

DOI  :  10.18225/lalca.v4i0.5206

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT)

【 摘 要 】

In Latin America and the Caribbean, the suitable processing of waste through the use of landfills is around 55%, while the local governments with municipal solid waste (MSW) management plans are around 20%. In Quito, for instance, approximately 2000 ton/day of solid waste are collected, and disposed in El Inga Landfill. The objective of this study is evaluating the MSW management of Quito through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. For achieving this goal, the ISO 14040 methodology was followed and SimaPro 8.4 was used as analysis software. The functional unit used is 1 ton of MSW, while, the material of study was the waste generated in households, commercial sector, schools and markets; whose values were obtained by the public companies EMASEO-EP, EMGIRS-EP, as well as from the open-access data of the city. The results show that using of biogas from the landfill allows the maximum saving of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Therefore, the biogas plant is the process with less environmental impact. The compaction and transportation of MSW displayed a slightly higher impact comparing with the previous process, presenting the second-best environmental performance. On the other hand, the leachate treatment shows the greatest environmental impact according to the model, despite of the effluents does not exceed the permissible limits of the environmental Ecuadorian legislation. The researchers consider suitable the analysis of composting and anaerobic digestion techniques as complementary options to reduce this environmental impact, due to the high organic fraction in the analyzed waste.

【 授权许可】

CC BY