Effect of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid levels on leukocyte telomere lengths in the Singaporean Chinese population

Nutrition Journal

Chew-Kiat Heng¹  Xuling Chang¹  Jian-Min Yuan²  Ling Wang³  Rajkumar Dorajoo³  Jianjun Liu⁴  Chiea Chuen Khor⁵  Ye Sun⁶  Woon Puay Koh⁷  Choon Nam Ong⁸  Yechiel Friedlander⁹ 

[1] Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Level 12, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore, Singapore;Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore;Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore;Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore;Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore;Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore;Nestlé Research Singapore Hub, Singapore, 21 Biopolis Drive, Nucleos, Singapore, Singapore;Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore;Health Systems and Services Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore;NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel;Unit of Epidemiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Braun School of Public Health, POB 12272, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel;

关键词: Polyunsaturated fatty acid;    Leukocyte telomere length;    Gene-diet interaction;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12937-020-00626-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundShorter telomere length (TL) has been associated with poor health behaviors, increased risks of chronic diseases and early mortality. Excessive shortening of telomere is a marker of accelerated aging and can be influenced by oxidative stress and nutritional deficiency. Plasma n6:n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio may impact cell aging. Increased dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA is associated with reduced telomere attrition. However, the effect of plasma PUFA on leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and its interaction with genetic variants are not well established.MethodsA nested coronary artery disease (CAD) case-control study comprising 711 cases and 638 controls was conducted within the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). Samples genotyped with the Illumina ZhongHua-8 array. Plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA were quantified using mass spectrometry (MS). LTL was measured with quantitative PCR method. Linear regression was used to test the association between PUFA and LTL. The interaction between plasma PUFAs and genetic variants was assessed by introducing an additional term (PUFA×genetic variant) in the regression model. Analysis was carried out in cases and controls separately and subsequently meta-analyzed using the inverse-variance weighted method. We further assessed the association of PUFA and LTL with CAD risk by Cox Proportional-Hazards model and whether the effect of PUFA on CAD was mediated through LTL by using structural equation modeling.ResultsHigher n6:n3 ratio was significantly associated with shorter LTL (p = 0.018) and increased CAD risk (p = 0.005). These associations were mainly driven by elevated plasma total n-3 PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant interaction for an intergenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs529143 with plasma total n-3 PUFA and DHA on LTL beyond the genome-wide threshold (p < 5 ×  10− 8). Mediation analysis showed that PUFA and LTL affected CAD risk independently.ConclusionsHigher plasma n6:n3 PUFA ratio, and lower EPA and DHA n-3 PUFAs were associated with shorter LTL and increased CAD risk in this Chinese population. Furthermore, genetic variants may modify the effect of PUFAs on LTL. PUFA and LTL had independent effect on CAD risk in our study population.

【 授权许可】

CC BY