Determinants of placental iodine concentrations in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient population: an ENVIRONAGE cohort study

Journal of Translational Medicine

Karen Vrijens¹  Michelle Plusquin¹  Bianca Cox¹  Kristof Y. Neven¹  Tim S. Nawrot²  Harry A. Roels³  Ann Ruttens⁴ 

[1] Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium;Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium;Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000, Leuven, Belgium;Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium;Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, E. Mounierlaan 53, 1200, Brussels, Belgium;Sciensano, SD Chemical, and Physical Health Risks, Leuvensesteenweg 17, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium;

关键词: Neonates;    Placenta;    Iodine;    Weight gain;    Alcohol;    BMI;    Seasonality;    Thyroid hormones;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12967-020-02601-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIodine is an essential trace element for the production of thyroid hormones, and plays a key role during the gestational period for optimal foetal growth and (neuro-)development. To this day, iodine deficiency remains a global burden. Previous studies indicate that the placenta can store iodine in a concentration-dependent manner and serve as a long-term storage supply, but studies on the determinants of long-term placental iodine load are limited.MethodsThe placental iodine concentrations were determined for 462 mother-neonate pairs from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort (Limburg, Belgium). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from questionnaires and medical files. Determinants of placental iodine concentration were identified using stepwise multiple regression procedures (p value < 0.15). The biological significance of our findings was investigated by measuring the plasma thyroid hormones in maternal and cord blood of 378 participants.ResultsA higher pre-pregnancy BMI, higher gestational weight gain, and alcohol consumption during pregnancy were linked with lower placental iodine storage. Multi-vitamin supplementation during pregnancy and longer gestation were associated with higher levels of placental iodine. Children born during the winter period had on average higher placental iodine levels. Besides, we found a significant positive time trend for placental iodine load over the study period 2013 to 2017. Lastly, we observed positive associations of both the maternal and cord plasma thyroxine concentrations with placental iodine load, emphasizing their biological link.ConclusionsThis study identified some determinants likely presenting a risk of reduced iodine storage during the gestational period of life. Future studies should elucidate the effects of lower placental iodine load on neonatal health, and health later in life.

【 授权许可】

CC BY