Diversity of rotavirus genotypes circulating in children < 5 years of age hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis in India from 2005 to 2016: analysis of temporal and regional genotype variation

BMC Infectious Diseases

Sudhir Babji¹  Shainey Alokit Khakha¹  Sasirekha Ramani²  Sidhartha Giri³  Gagandeep Kang⁴  Mohan D. Gupte⁵  Sanjay M. Mehendale⁵  Rashmi Arora⁶  Pratima Ray⁷  Jyothi Bhat⁸  Mamta Chawla-Sarkar⁹  C. P. Girish Kumar^1,10  S. Venkatasubramanian^1,10  Subarna Roy^1,11  Varanasi Gopalkrishna^1,12  Shobha D. Chitambar^1,12  Pradeep Das^1,13  Bhagirathi Dwibedi^1,14  Biswa Jyoti Borkakoty^1,15  Vijayachari Paluru^1,16 

[1] Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India;Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India;Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India;Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India;Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India;Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India;Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India;Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India;Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, Haryana, India;Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India;National Institute for Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India;National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India;National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belgaum, Karnataka, India;National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India;Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India;Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India;Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India;Regional Medical Research Centre, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India;

关键词: Diarrhoea;    Enzyme immunoassay;    Gastroenteritis;    Genotypes;    India;    Polymerase chain reaction;    Rotavirus;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-020-05448-y

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundFrom 2016, the Government of India introduced the oral rotavirus vaccine into the national immunization schedule. Currently, two indigenously developed vaccines (ROTAVAC, Bharat Biotech; ROTASIIL, Serum Institute of India) are included in the Indian immunization program. We report the rotavirus disease burden and the diversity of rotavirus genotypes from 2005 to 2016 in a multi-centric surveillance study before the introduction of vaccines.MethodsA total of 29,561 stool samples collected from 2005 to 2016 (7 sites during 2005–2009, 3 sites from 2009 to 2012, and 28 sites during 2012–2016) were included in the analysis. Stools were tested for rotavirus antigen using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Genotyping was performed on 65.8% of the EIA positive samples using reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to identify the G (VP7) and P (VP4) types. Multinomial logistic regression was used to quantify the odds of detecting genotypes across the surveillance period and in particular age groups.ResultsOf the 29,561 samples tested, 10,959 (37.1%) were positive for rotavirus. There was a peak in rotavirus positivity during December to February across all sites. Of the 7215 genotyped samples, G1P[8] (38.7%) was the most common, followed by G2P[4] (12.3%), G9P[4] (5.8%), G12P[6] (4.2%), G9P[8] (4%), and G12P[8] (2.4%). Globally, G9P[4] and G12P[6] are less common genotypes, although these genotypes have been reported from India and few other countries. There was a variation in the geographic and temporal distribution of genotypes, and the emergence or re-emergence of new genotypes such as G3P[8] was seen. Over the surveillance period, there was a decline in the proportion of G2P[4], and an increase in the proportion of G9P[4]. A higher proportion of mixed and partially typed/untyped samples was also seen more in the age group 0–11 months.ConclusionsThis 11 years surveillance highlights the high burden of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in Indian children < 5 years of age before inclusion of rotavirus vaccines in the national programme. Regional variations in rotavirus epidemiology were seen, including the emergence of G3P[8] in the latter part of the surveillance. Having pre-introduction data is important to track changing epidemiology of rotaviruses, particularly following vaccine introduction.

【 授权许可】

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