Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China

BMC Infectious Diseases

Yu Dong¹  Xien Gui²  Yajun Yan²  Yanbin Liu²  Ling Feng²  Ke Liang³  Wei Guo⁴ 

[1] Department of Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China;Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China;Center of Preventing Mother-to-child transmission for Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China;Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China;Department of Pathology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China;Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China;

关键词: Antiretrovirals;    HIV;    Mother-to-child transmission;    Prevention;    Trend;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-020-05516-3

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe program for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was launched in 2003 in China, but few studies have been conducted to describe the panorama of PMTCT. We investigated the rate and associated factors of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in China from 2004 to 2018.MethodsHIV-infected pregnant women from two areas in China between 2004 and 2018 were enrolled. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) were provided to the mothers and their babies, and the children were followed and tested for HIV.ResultsIn total, 857 mothers and their 899 children were enrolled, and the overall MTCT rate was 6.6% (95% CI 5.0–8.2). The MTCT rates of nonintervention, only formula feeding (FF), infant prophylaxis (IP) + FF, single dosage antiretrovirals (sdARVs) + IP + FF, zidovudine (AZT) alone+IP + FF and prenatal combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) + IP + FF were 36.4, 9.4, 10.0, 5.7, 3.8 and 0.3%, respectively. The MTCT rate declined over time. No ARVs, CD4 count < 200/μL, low birth weight, and breastfeeding were associated with MTCT of HIV. For different ARVs, a higher MTCT rate was observed for AZT alone, sdARVs, and no ARVs compared to cART for pregnant women.ConclusionsAlthough the overall MTCT rate remains relatively high, the real-world effect of prenatal cART+IP + FF in China has exerted the same protective effects in high-income countries. With the extension of prenatal cART for pregnant women with HIV, the MTCT rate of HIV has gradually declined in China. However, the coverage of prenatal cART for pregnant women should be further improved. The effect of only post-exposure prophylaxis for infants was limited.

【 授权许可】

CC BY