A Review on Enhancing the Antibacterial Activity of ZnO: Mechanisms and Microscopic Investigation

Nanoscale Research Letters

Enyew Amare Zereffa¹  Aschalew Tadesse¹  H. C. Ananda Murthy¹  Buzuayehu Abebe¹ 

[1] Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box: 1888, Adama, Ethiopia;

关键词: Metal oxide nanocomposites;    Dopants;    Antibacterial mechanism;    Morphological investigation;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s11671-020-03418-6

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Metal oxide nanomaterials are one of the preferences as antibacterial active materials. Due to its distinctive electronic configuration and suitable properties, ZnO is one of the novel antibacterial active materials. Nowadays, researchers are making a serious effort to improve the antibacterial activities of ZnO by forming a composite with the same/different bandgap semiconductor materials and doping of ions. Applying capping agents such as polymers and plant extract that control the morphology and size of the nanomaterials and optimizing different conditions also enhance the antibacterial activity. Forming a nanocomposite and doping reduces the electron/hole recombination, increases the surface area to volume ratio, and also improves the stability towards dissolution and corrosion. The release of antimicrobial ions, electrostatic interaction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generations are the crucial antibacterial activity mechanism. This review also presents a detailed discussion of the antibacterial activity improvement of ZnO by forming a composite, doping, and optimizing different conditions. The morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and confocal microscopy can confirm the antibacterial activity and also supports for developing a satisfactory mechanism.Graphical abstractGraphical abstract showing the metal oxides antibacterial mechanism and the fluorescence and scanning electron microscopic images.

【 授权许可】

CC BY