Depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19

BMC Psychology

Elnaz Hemmati¹  Somayeh Zarei²  Azam Mohammadi³  Sakineh Ghasemi Yngyknd⁴  Fatemeh Effati-Daryani⁵  Mojgan Mirghafourvand⁶ 

[1] Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Department of Midwifery, Shohada Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran;Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Population and family’s health unit, Bonab city, Bonab, Iran;Reproductive Health Research Center, Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran;Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;

关键词: COVID-19;    Pregnancy;    Prevalence;    Depression;    Anxiety;    Stress;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40359-020-00464-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPregnancy as a sensitive period of a woman’s life can be affected by various psychological factors that can have adverse effects on the woman, her fetus and future baby. Since COVID-19 is a new phenomenon with limited information available, it may have adverse psychological effects on pregnant women. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19.MethodsThis descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 205 pregnant women covered by Tabriz health centers in Iran. The sampling method used was cluster sampling. The data collection tool was the socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire and the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21), which were completed online by pregnant women. The general linear model was used to determine the predictive factors of depression, anxiety and stress.ResultsThe mean (SD) score of depression, stress, and anxiety were 3.91 (3.9), 6.22 (4.25), and 3.79 (3.39), respectively; the score range of 0 to 21. Depression, stress, and anxiety symptoms were observed in 32.7, 32.7, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively, with varying degrees from mild to very severe. Based on the adjusted general linear model, variables of education level, spouse’s job and marital life satisfaction were the predictors of depressive symptoms. Variables of spouse’s education level, spouse’s support, marital life satisfaction and the number of pregnancies were the predictive factors of anxiety symptoms and the variables of spouse’s education level, household income sufficiency, spouse’s support and marital life satisfaction were predictors of stress symptoms.ConclusionsConsidering the role of marital life satisfaction, high level of spouse’s education and income in reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in pregnant women in critical situations such as the prevalence of COVID-19, it seems that using strategies to promote marital life satisfaction and socio-economic status can play an effective role in controlling anxiety and reducing stress and depression in pregnant women.

【 授权许可】

CC BY