CRISPR-Cas, a robust gene-editing technology in the era of modern cancer immunotherapy

Cancer Cell International

Seyed Mohammad Miri¹  William Chi Shing Cho²  Amir Ghaemi³  Elham Tafsiri⁴ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China;Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran;Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;

关键词: Cancer immunotherapy;    CRISPR-Cas;    Cas9;    TCR T-cell;    CAR T-cell;    Allogeneic T-cell;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12935-020-01546-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Cancer immunotherapy has been emerged as a promising strategy for treatment of a broad spectrum of malignancies ranging from hematological to solid tumors. One of the principal approaches of cancer immunotherapy is transfer of natural or engineered tumor-specific T-cells into patients, a so called “adoptive cell transfer”, or ACT, process. Construction of allogeneic T-cells is dependent on the employment of a gene-editing tool to modify donor-extracted T-cells and prepare them to specifically act against tumor cells with enhanced function and durability and least side-effects. In this context, CRISPR technology can be used to produce universal T-cells, equipped with recombinant T cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), through multiplex genome engineering using Cas nucleases. The robust potential of CRISPR-Cas in preparing the building blocks of ACT immunotherapy has broaden the application of such therapies and some of them have gotten FDA approvals. Here, we have collected the last investigations in the field of immuno-oncology conducted in partnership with CRISPR technology. In addition, studies that have addressed the challenges in the path of CRISPR-mediated cancer immunotherapy, as well as pre-treatment applications of CRISPR-Cas have been mentioned in detail.

【 授权许可】

CC BY