Infection-provoked reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in an adult with nephrotic syndrome: a case report

BMC Neurology

Huang-Chi Chen¹  Ching-Fang Chien²  Chiou-Lian Lai²  Kuan-Ying Li²  Li-Min Liou²  Meng-Ni Wu²  Chin-Ling Tsai³ 

[1] Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;

关键词: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome;    Nephrotic syndrome;    Infection;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12883-020-01922-x

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundReversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a rare and heterogeneous clinico-neuroradiological syndrome characterized by headache, altered mental status, seizures, and visual disturbances. Hypertension and immunosuppression are two of the main factors that predispose an individual to RPLS. However, RPLS can develop when no major risk factors are present. RPLS has been reported in pediatric nephrotic patients, but rarely in adults.Case presentationA 42-year-old Asian woman with nephrotic syndrome presented with seizures, headaches, and nausea. Her blood pressure was controlled, and no immunosuppressants had been prescribed. All symptoms and tests indicated RPLS following infection with pneumonia, which was successfully treated by immediate administration antibiotic and anti-epileptic medications. Seizures did not recur during a 2-year follow-up period.ConclusionsWhen patients with nephrotic syndrome have an infection, RPLS symptoms should be investigated thoroughly. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of RPLS, morbidity and mortality can be prevented.

【 授权许可】

CC BY