The effect of maternal alcohol and drug abuse on first trimester screening analytes: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Seppo Heinonen¹  Anni Lehikoinen²  Raimo Voutilainen²  Jarkko Romppanen³ 

[1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 140, 00029, Helsinki, Finland;Department of Obsteterics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland;Department of Obsteterics and Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland;Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland;Department of Pediatrics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland;Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre Joint Authority Enterprise (ISLAB), P.O. Box 1700, 70211, Kuopio, Finland;

关键词: First trimester screening;    PAPP-A;    free β-hCG;    nuchal translucency;    alcohol;    smoking;    small for gestational age;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12884-020-03171-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine whether first trimester trisomy screening (FTS) parameters are affected by alcohol and drug use.MethodsA routine combined FTS including measurements of maternal serum levels of free β-human chorionic gonadotropin subunit (free β-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) were measured at 9–11 weeks of gestation, and fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NTT) at 11–13 weeks of gestation. In total 544 women with singleton pregnancies [71 alcohol and drug abusers, 88 smokers, 168 non-smokers delivering a small for gestational age (SGA) child, and 217 unexposed control women] were assessed.ResultsFree β-hCG levels were higher in alcohol and drug abusing than in unexposed pregnant women [mean 1.5 vs. 1.2 multiples of medians (MoM); P = 0.013]. However, stepwise multiple linear regression analyses suggested that smoking could explain increased free β-hCG. Additionally, we observed lower PAPP-A levels in the smoking mothers (0.9 vs. 1.2 MoM; P = 0.045) and in those giving birth to an SGA child compared to the controls (1.1 vs.. 1.2 MoM; P < 0.001). Fetal NTT did not differ significantly between any of the groups.ConclusionsThe present study shows increased free β-hCG levels in alcohol and drug abusers, but maternal smoking may explain the result. Maternal serum PAPP-A levels were lower in smoking than non-smoking mothers, and in mothers delivering an SGA child. However, FTS parameters (PAPP-A, free β-hCG and NTT) seem not to be applicable for the use as alcohol biomarkers because of their clear overlap between alcohol abusers and healthy controls.

【 授权许可】

CC BY