Fifty years of wheat breeding in Southern Brazil: yield improvement and associated changes

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

Osmar Rodrigues²  Julio César Barreneche Lhamby²  Agostinho Dirceu Didonet¹  José Abramo Marchese¹ 

[1] ,Embrapa TrigoPasso Fundo RS ,Brazil

关键词: Triticum aestivum;    genetic gain;    harvest index;    yield components;    Triticum aestivum;    ganho genético;    índice de colheita;    componentes de rendimento;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-204X2007000600008

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of genetic breeding on grain yield, and to identify the physiological traits associated to the increment in yield and their related growth processes, for wheat cultivars grown in Southern Brazil, in the past five decades. Seven wheat cultivars released between 1940 and 1992, were compared for physiological aspects associated with grain yield. Grain yield, biological yield, biomass partitioning, harvest index and grain yield components were also determined. The number of grains per square meter was more affected by plant breeding and was better correlated with grain yield (r = 0.94, p<0.01) than with grain weight (r = -0.39ns). The higher number of grains per square meter was better correlated with the number of grains per spike in the modern cultivars than in the older ones. The genetic gain in grain yield was 44.9 kg ha-1 per year, reflecting important efforts of the breeding programs carried out in Southern Brazil. Grain yield changes, during the period of study, were better associated with biomass production (r = 0.78, p<0.01) than with harvest index (r = 0.65, p<0.01).

【 授权许可】

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