In vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum Welch field isolates to infusions prepared from Artemisia annua L. cultivated in the Brazilian Amazon

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

Luiz Francisco Rocha E Silva²  Pedro Melillo De Magalhães¹  Mônica Regina Farias Costa¹  Maria Das Graças Costa Alecrim¹  Francisco Célio Maia Chaves¹  Ari De Freitas Hidalgo¹  Adrian Martin Pohlit²  Pedro Paulo Ribeiro Vieira¹ 

[1] ,Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia Manaus AM ,Brasil

关键词: Artemisia annua L.;    infusion;    antiplasmodial;    in vitro;    field isolate;    Amazon Region;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0074-02762012000700004

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Artemisinin is the active antimalarial compound obtained from the leaves of Artemisia annua L. Artemisinin, and its semi-synthetic derivatives, are the main drugs used to treat multi-drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (one of the human malaria parasite species). The in vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum K1 and 3d7 strains and field isolates from the state of Amazonas, Brazil, to A. annua infusions (5 g dry leaves in 1 L of boiling water) and the drug standards chloroquine, quinine and artemisinin were evaluated. The A. annua used was cultivated in three Amazon ecosystems (várzea, terra preta de índio and terra firme) and in the city of Paulínia, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Artemisinin levels in the A. annua leaves used were 0.90-1.13% (m/m). The concentration of artemisinin in the infusions was 40-46 mg/L. Field P. falciparum isolates were resistant to chloroquine and sensitive to quinine and artemisinin. The average 50% inhibition concentration values for A. annua infusions against field isolates were 0.11-0.14 μL/mL (these infusions exhibited artemisinin concentrations of 4.7-5.6 ng/mL) and were active in vitro against P. falciparum due to their artemisinin concentration. No synergistic effect was observed for artemisinin in the infusions.

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