Clinical and epidemiological features of 123 cases of cryptococcosis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

Andrea De Siqueira Campos Lindenberg²  Marilene Rodrigues Chang¹  Anamaria Melo Miranda Paniago¹  Márcia Dos Santos Lazéra¹  Paula Maria Frank Moncada¹  Gisele Facholi Bonfim¹  Susie Andries Nogueira¹  Bodo Wanke¹ 

[1] ,Universidade para o Desenvolvimento da Região do PantanalCampo Grande MS ,Brazil

关键词: Epidemiology;    Cryptococcosis;    Brazil;    Cryptococcus gattii;    Cryptococcus neoformans;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0036-46652008000200002

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

To identify the clinical and epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis diagnosed at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, medical records of 123 patients admitted from January 1995 to December 2005 were analyzed. One hundred and four cases (84.5%) had HIV infection, six (4.9%) had other predisposing conditions and 13 (10.6%) were immunocompetent. Male patients predominated (68.3%) and their age ranged from 19 to 69 years (mean: 35.9). Most patients (73.2%) were born and lived lifelong in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Involvement of the central nervous system occurred in 103 patients (83.7%) and headache and vomiting were the most frequent symptoms. In 77 cases it was possible to identify the Cryptococcus species: 69 (89.6%) C. neoformans and eight (10.4%) C. gattii. Amphotericin B was the drug of choice for treatment (106/123), followed by fluconazole in 60% of cases. The overall lethality rate was 49.6%, being 51% among the HIV infected patients and 41.2% among the non-HIV infected (p > 0.05). Although cryptococcosis exhibited in our region a similar behavior to that described in the literature, the detection of an important rate of immunocompetent individuals and five C. gattii cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients is noteworthy.

【 授权许可】

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