Pathophysiology of acute meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and adjunctive therapy approaches

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

Tatiana Barichello²  Jaqueline S. Generoso²  Allan Collodel²  Ana Paula Moreira²  Sérgio Monteiro De Almeida¹ 

[1] ,Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina Laboratório de Microbiologia ExperimentalCriciúma SC ,Brazil

关键词: Streptococcus pneumoniae;    meningitis;    cytokines;    chemokines;    oxidative stress;    Streptococcus pneumoniae;    meningite;    citocinas;    quimiocinas;    estresse oxidativo;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0004-282X2012000500011

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Pneumococcal meningitis is a life-threatening disease characterized by an acute purulent infection affecting piamater, arachnoid and the subarachnoid space. The intense inflammatory host's response is potentially fatal and contributes to the neurological sequelae. Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the nasopharynx, followed by bacteremia, microbial invasion and blood-brain barrier traversal. S. pneumoniae is recognized by antigen-presenting cells through the binding of Toll-like receptors inducing the activation of factor nuclear kappa B or mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and subsequent up-regulation of lymphocyte populations and expression of numerous proteins involved in inflammation and immune response. Many brain cells can produce cytokines, chemokines and others pro-inflammatory molecules in response to bacteria stimuli, as consequence, polymorphonuclear are attracted, activated and released in large amounts of superoxide anion and nitric oxide, leading to the peroxynitrite formation, generating oxidative stress. This cascade leads to lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial damage, blood-brain barrier breakdown contributing to cell injury during pneumococcal meningitis.

【 授权许可】

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