Behaviour of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in an experimental model of toxic demyelination of the central nervous system

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

Dominguita Lühers Graça²  Eduardo Fernandes Bondan¹  Luis Antonio Violin Dias Pereira¹  Cristina Gevehr Fernandes¹  Paulo César Maiorka¹ 

[1],Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Departamento de Patologia Santa Maria RS

关键词: demyelination;    remyelination;    oligodendrocytes;    Schwann cells;    ethidium bromide;    immunosuppression;    cyclophosphamide;    cyclosporine;    desmielinização;    remielinização;    oligodendrócito;    células de Schwamm;    brometo de etídio;    imunossupressão;    ciclosporina;    ciclofosfamida;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0004-282X2001000300009

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are engaged in myelin production, maintenance and repairing respectively in the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Whereas oligodendrocytes act only within the CNS, Schwann cells are able to invade the CNS in order to make new myelin sheaths around demyelinated axons. Both cells have some limitations in their activities, i.e. oligodendrocytes are post-mitotic cells and Schwann cells only get into the CNS in the absence of astrocytes. Ethidium bromide (EB) is a gliotoxic chemical that when injected locally within the CNS, induce demyelination. In the EB model of demyelination, glial cells are destroyed early after intoxication and Schwann cells are free to approach the naked central axons. In normal Wistar rats, regeneration of lost myelin sheaths can be achieved as early as thirteen days after intoxication; in Wistar rats immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide the process is delayed and in rats administered cyclosporine it may be accelerated. Aiming the enlightening of those complex processes, all events concerning the myelinating cells in an experimental model are herein presented and discussed.

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