Alloimmunization screening after transfusion of red blood cells in a prospective study

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia

Vitor Mendonça Alves²  Paulo Roberto Juliano Martins²  Sheila Soares²  Gislene Araújo¹  Luciana Cayres Schmidt¹  Sidneia Sanches De Menezes Costa¹  Dante Mário Langhi¹  Helio Moraes-souza² 

[1] ,Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroUberaba MG ,Brazil

关键词: Blood transfusion;    Blood group antigens;    Hemolysis;    Immunophenotyping;    Emergencies;    Transfusão de eritrócitos;    Antígenos de grupos sanguíneos;    Hemólise;    Imunofenotipagem;    Emergência;   

DOI  :  10.5581/1516-8484.20120051

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

BACKGROUND: Several irregular red blood cell alloantibodies, produced by alloimmunization of antigens in transfusions or pregnancies, have clinical importance because they cause hemolysis in the fetus and newborn and in transfused patients. OBJECTIVE: a prospective analysis of patients treated by the surgical and clinical emergency services of Hospital de Clínicas of the Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (HC/UFTM), Brazil was performed to correlate alloimmunization to clinical and epidemiological data. METHODS: Blood samples of 143 patients with initial negative antibody screening were collected at intervals for up to 15 months after the transfusion of packed red blood cells. Samples were submitted to irregular antibody testing and, when positive, to the identification and serial titration of alloantibodies. The Fisher Exact test and Odds Ratio were employed to compare proportions. RESULTS: Fifteen (10.49%) patients produced antibodies within six months of transfusion. However, for 60% of these individuals, the titers decreased and disappeared by 15 months after transfusion. Anti-K antibodies and alloantibodies against antigens of the Rh system were the most common; the highest titer was 1:32 (anti-K). There was an evident correlation with the number of transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high incidence of clinically important red blood cell alloantibodies in patients transfused in surgical and clinical emergency services, we suggest that phenotyping and pre-transfusion compatibilization for C, c, E, e (Rh system) and K (Kell system) antigens should be extended to all patients with programmed surgeries or acute clinical events that do not need emergency transfusions.

【 授权许可】

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