Maternal-child health in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: major conclusions from comparisons of the 1982, 1993, and 2004 birth cohorts

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

Fernando C. Barros²  Cesar G. Victora¹ 

[1] ,Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Comportamento Pelotas,Brasil

关键词: Infant Mortality;    Perinatal Mortality;    Breast Feeding;    Nutrition;    Cohort Studies;    Mortalidade Infantil;    Mortalidade Perinatal;    Aleitamento Materno;    Nutrição;    Estudos de Coortes;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0102-311X2008001500012

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Important changes were observed in maternal characteristics, health care indicators, and child health during the 22 years covered by the three population-based birth cohort studies conducted in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Maternal education levels improved, cigarette smoking during pregnancy was reduced, and birth intervals became longer. Also, there were more single mothers, and maternal obesity increased. Coverage of antenatal and delivery care by professionals improved, but inductions and caesarean sections increased markedly, the latter accounting for 45% of deliveries in 2004. With regard to child health, the reductions in neonatal and infant mortality rates were modest, and the significant increase in preterm births - 14.7% of all births in 2004 - appears to have colluded with this stagnation. Other infant health indicators, such as immunization coverage and breastfeeding duration, showed improvements over the period. Regarding infant nutrition, malnourishment at age 12 months decreased, but the prevalence of overweight was higher in 2004. The existence of three population-based birth cohorts using comparable methodology allowed for the study of important secular trends in maternal and child health.

【 授权许可】

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