Intoxicação por Solanum paniculatum (Solanaceae) em bovinos

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

Eduardo Levi De Sousa Guaraná¹  Franklin Riet-correa²  Carla Lopes De Mendonça²  Rosane M.t. Medeiros²  Nivaldo De Azevêdo Costa²  José Augusto Bastos Afonso² 

[1] ,Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Veterinária Recife PE ,Brasil

关键词: Poisonous plants;    Solanum paniculatum;    Solanaceae;    plant poisoning;    central nervous system;    storage disease;    cerebellar degeneration;    cattle;    Plantas tóxicas;    Solanum paniculatum;    Solanaceae;    intoxicação por planta;    sistema nervoso central;    doença de armazenamento;    degeneração cerebelar;    bovinos;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-736X2011000100009

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Outbreaks of a disease of the nervous system are reported in cattle in three farms in the Agreste region of the state of Pernambuco. Morbidity, mortality and fatality rates varied from 3 to 25%, 0 to 20% and 0 to 60%, respectively. A weed found in large amounts in the pastures was identified as Solanum paniculatum. Clinical signs were characterized by transitory, periodic attacks with loss of balance, incoordinated gait, neck and head extension, hypermetria, intention tremors, nystagmus, and falls. The attacks were induced when the animals were disturbed or by the application of the head raising test. Two cows showed permanent signs including ataxia, abnormal posture, staggering gait with limbs in abduction, intention tremors, hypermetria, and progressive weight loss. Histological lesions in one cow were fine vacuolation of the cerebellar Purkinje neurons with marginalization of the nucleus. Loss of Purkinje neurons with proliferation of Bergmann astrocytes and Wallerian degeneration with axonal spheroids in the granular layer and cerebellar white matter were also observed. Neuronal vacuolation and axonal spheroids were observed in the gracillis nucleus. In one cow that stayed for approximately 10 months in an area free of S. paniculatum with permanent signs, there was a severe depletion of Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum. The granular and molecular layers were reduced and depleted of cells. Considering that the toxic compound of S. paniculatum is unknown, and that the plant is largely used as a medical plant, it is necessary to take into account the risk of human poisoning.

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