Reflexões sobre a contribuição da Carnot à primeira lei da termodinâmica

Química Nova

Cássius K. Nascimento¹  João P. Braga¹  José D. Fabris¹ 

[1] ,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Exatas Departamento de QuímicaBelo Horizonte MG

关键词: thermodynamics;    mechanical equivalent of heat;    energy;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-40422004000300026

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

The classical interpretations of Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot on some physical principles involved in the operation of heat engines were fundamental to the development and formulation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Moreover, an accurate historical survey clearly reveals that Carnot was, by that time, also well aware about some new concepts, which were further worked out by other scientists to lead to what was, some time later, known as the mechanical equivalent of heat and the conservation of energy. Benoit Paul Émile Clapeyron recognized these original concepts in the first of Carnot´s monographs, published in 1824, but no explicit citation is found in any post-Carnot classical texts dealing with the First Law of Thermodynamics, including those by Julius Robert Mayer, James Prescott Joule and Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz. The main objective of the present work is to point out some historical evidences of the pioneering contribution of Carnot to the modern concept of the First Law of Thermodynamics.

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