Biomass decomposition and nutrient release from black oat and hairy vetch residues deposited in a vineyard

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

Paulo Ademar Avelar Ferreira²  Eduardo Girotto¹  Gustavo Trentin¹  Alcione Miotto¹  George Wellington De Melo¹  Carlos Alberto Ceretta¹  João Kaminski¹  Bianca Knebel Del Frari¹  Carina Marchezan¹  Lincon Oliveira Stefanello Silva¹  Jéssica Carolina Faversani¹  Gustavo Brunetto¹ 

[1] ,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Departamento de Solos Graduate Studies Program in Soil ScienceSanta Maria RS ,Brazil

关键词: cover crops;    nutrient cycling;    plastic shelter;    Vitis sp;    plantas de cobertura;    ciclagem de nutrientes;    cobertura plástica;    Vitis sp;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-06832014000500027

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

A significant quantity of nutrients in vineyards may return to the soil each year through decomposition of residues from cover plants. This study aimed to evaluate biomass decomposition and nutrient release from residues of black oats and hairy vetch deposited in the vines rows, with and without plastic shelter, and in the between-row areas throughout the vegetative and productive cycle of the plants. The study was conducted in a commercial vineyard in Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil, from October 2008 to February 2009. Black oat (Avena strigosa) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) residues were collected, subjected to chemical (C, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and biochemical (cellulose - Cel, hemicellulose - Hem, and lignin - Lig content) analyses, and placed in litter bags, which were deposited in vines rows without plastic shelter (VPRWS), in vines rows with plastic shelter (VPRS), and in the between-row areas (BR). We collected the residues at 0, 33, 58, 76, and 110 days after deposition of the litter bags, prepared the material, and subjected it to analysis of total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg content. The VPRS contained the largest quantities and percentages of dry matter and residual nutrients (except for Ca) in black oat residues from October to February, which coincides with the period from flowering up to grape harvest. This practice led to greater protection of the soil surface, avoiding surface runoff of the solution derived from between the rows, but it retarded nutrient cycling. The rate of biomass decomposition and nutrient release from hairy vetch residues from October to February was not affected by the position of deposition of the residues in the vineyard, which may especially be attributed to the lower values of the C/N and Lig/N ratios. Regardless of the type of residue, black oat or hairy vetch, the greatest decomposition and nutrient release mainly occurred up to 33 days after deposition of the residues on the soil surface, which coincided with the flowering of the grapevines, which is one of the phenological stages of greatest demand for nutrients.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
 All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License