Soil fertility, nutrition and yield of maize and barley with gypsum application on soil surface in no-till

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

Leandro Michalovicz²  Marcelo Marques Lopes Müller¹  José Salvador Simoneti Foloni¹  Jackson Kawakami¹  Ronaldo Do Nascimento¹  Luiz Fernando Machado Kramer² 

[1] ,Universidade Estadual de MaringáMaringa PR ,Brazil

关键词: phosphogypsum;    calcium saturation;    sulfur;    Zea mays;    Hordeum vulgare;    fosfogesso;    saturação de cálcio;    enxofre;    Zea mays;    Hordeum vulgare;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-06832014000500015

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Annual crop yield and nutrition have shown differentiated responses to modifications in soil chemical properties brought about by gypsum application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gypsum application rates on the chemical properties of a Latossolo Bruno (Clayey Oxisol), as well as on the nutrition and yield of a maize-barley succession under no-till. The experiment was set up in November 2009 in Guarapuava, Parana, Brazil, applying gypsum rates of 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 Mg ha-1 to the soil surface upon sowing maize, with crop succession of barley. Gypsum application decreased the levels of Al3+ and Mg2+ in the 0.0-0.1 m layer and increased soil pH in the layers from 0.2-0.6 m depth. Gypsum application has increased the levels of Ca2+ in all soil layers up to 0.6 m, and the levels of S-SO4(2-) up to 0.8 m. In both crops, the leaf concentrations of Ca and S were increased while Mg concentrations have decreased as a function of gypsum rates. There was also an effect of gypsum rates on grain yield, with a quadratic response of maize and a linear increase for barley. Yield increases were up to 11 and 12 % in relation to control for the maximum technical efficiency (MTE) rates of 3.8 and 6.0 Mg ha-1 of gypsum, respectively. Gypsum application improved soil fertility in the profile, especially in the subsurface, as well as plant nutrition, increasing the yields of maize and barley.

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